Other than spending a small fortune on a hybrid car or electric car, commuting by bicycle is probably the best way to save gas and improve the environment. When selecting your next (or first) bicycle, it’s a real good idea to understand the different bike types. Here’s a few tips about the most basic categories.
Road bikes, also known as racing bikes, are generally built for speed and riding on smooth surfaces like roadways. Because of this they often sport very narrow tires, drop handlebars (to put the rider in the most aerodynamic position), and multiple speeds (12-24 gear positions is common). Racing bikes follow the same basic layout, but with a very lightweight frame. Although road bikes and racers can be used for commuting, most riders opt for comfort rather than speed.
Mountain bikes are built less for speed and more for durability and control. These bikes have much larger tires, raised handlebars that put the rider in a more upright position, and are generally (but not always) heavier. Since mountain bikes are intended to be used on trails and steep inclines, the gear ratios are generally lower than that of road bikes. Some mountain bikes have up to 36 gears, advanced suspension systems to handle bumpy terrain, and it is now common to find disc brakes on one or both wheels. These bikes are just fine for commuting, especially if some of that commute is over uneven and rough or gravel or dirt roads.
Hybrid bikes try to combine the best of road and mountain bikes, and are intended to handle most commuting situations. These bikes have narrower tires than mountain bikes, shock absorption systems for the occasional bumpy road, comfort grip handlebars and comfy seats, and often come with pre-fitted fenders and luggage racks for bicycle saddle bags. Many hybrids are geared much like road bikes, while others limit the number of gears to a minimum (5-7 speeds) or have the gears “sealed” in the rear hub (3-5 speeds). Hybrids are often the best selection for most commuting situations, and are a great bike to choose for casual riders.
Many other specialized types exist, from single speed cruisers to very specialized off-road “rock riders” and BMX racers. However, most cyclists will do well to start from the list above. Use this guide as a starting point, try out a few models of each type to see what’s ideal for you, and then start riding. You won’t regret it.
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